What is Distal subungual onychomycosis (DSO) nail fungus and how is it treated?

Nail fungus, or onychomycosis, is a common condition that affects both toenails and fingernails. The most frequent type is distal subungual onychomycosis (DSO), which primarily impacts toenails and is usually caused by dermatophyte fungi such as Trichophyton rubrum. These fungi thrive on keratin—the protein that makes up nails—leading to gradual infection, thickening, and damage. Read more about nail fungus and treatments in CT.

At Dermatology Physicians of Connecticut, we provide proven and effective nail fungus treatments to help patients restore healthy, clear nails.

What Causes Toenail Fungus?

Toenail fungus often begins when fungi enter through small cracks in the nail or surrounding skin. Risk factors include:

• Being age 65 or older
• Wearing tight or non-breathable shoes
• Walking barefoot in public showers, gyms, or pools
• Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis)
• Having a weakened immune system or medical conditions such as diabetes
• Previous nail trauma

Once established, the infection can spread and become more difficult to treat.

Signs and Symptoms of Distal Subungual Onychomycosis

Common signs of toenail fungus include:

• Location – Infection usually starts at the tip (distal edge) of the nail and spreads inward.
• Appearance – Nails may become yellow, brown, or white, and appear thickened or brittle.
• Separation – In advanced cases, the nail may lift or detach from the nail bed, sometimes causing pain.

Treatment Options for Nail Fungus in Connecticut

If you suspect nail fungus, it’s important to see a dermatology provider for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Options include:

• Oral Antifungal Medications – Prescription treatments such as terbinafine or itraconazole attack the fungus internally and are often the most effective, but do come with some precautions and may require lab monitoring.
• Topical Antifungal Medications – Nail lacquers, creams, or solutions can be applied directly to the nail. These are more effective in early or mild cases, or when oral antifungal medications are contraindicated.
• Laser Therapy – A newer approach that uses focused light to target fungal cells. Effectiveness varies, and multiple treatments may be required.
• Surgical Nail Removal – In severe or resistant cases, removal of the nail allows direct treatment of the nail bed with antifungal medication.

Get Professional Toenail Fungus Treatment in Connecticut

If you’re experiencing symptoms of nail fungus, don’t wait for it to worsen. At Dermatology Physicians of CT, our specialists offer advanced treatments to relieve discomfort and restore the health and appearance of your nails.

Frequently Asked Questions About Nail Fungus

1. Is toenail fungus contagious?
Yes. It can spread through direct contact or by sharing shoes, socks, or walking on contaminated surfaces like gym floors and showers.

2. Can I treat nail fungus at home?
Over-the-counter creams and natural remedies may provide mild relief but are rarely strong enough for moderate to severe infections. Prescription treatments are typically needed.

3. How long does treatment take?
It often takes several months or even up to a year. Because nails grow slowly, visible improvement takes time even after the fungus is cleared.

4. What happens if it’s left untreated?
The infection can worsen, causing thickened, painful nails and spreading to other nails or skin. However, nail fungus is generally not dangerous in healthy individuals.

5. Who is most at risk?
Older adults and people with diabetes, poor circulation, weakened immune systems, or those who frequently use public locker rooms and showers are at higher risk.

👉 Looking for effective nail fungus treatment in Connecticut? Schedule an appointment today on our web site or give our office a call at 203-538-5682 with Dermatology Physicians of CT and take the first step toward healthier nails.